What are the major constituents of landfills?

• A. Glass and metal
• B. Plastic and rubber
• C. Organic waste only
• D. Paper and paper products

Answer: (D)

The main idea here is the composition of a typical municipal solid waste stream in landfills. Paper and paper products often make up the largest share by weight because packaging, newspapers, office paper, and other paper goods are generated in huge volumes and have historically been less likely to be diverted to recycling in many areas. That makes them the dominant material in many landfills, even though glass, metal, plastics, and organics are also present. While plastics and other materials are significant, they generally don’t exceed the weight of paper in the landfill mix. Organic waste is important but includes many materials beyond paper, so it isn’t the sole major constituent. That’s why the option describing paper and paper products is the best choice.