Is the dumping of garbage and other refuse at sea illegal in the United States?

• A. No
• B. Yes
• C. Only for certain vessels
• D. Depends on location

Answer: (B)

In the United States, dumping garbage and other refuse at sea is illegal. Federal law under the Ocean Dumping Act (part of the broader Marine Protection, Research, and Sanctuaries Act) prohibits disposing of municipal solid waste and most other debris into ocean waters without a permit. Ships must either manage their garbage to be disposed of on land at approved facilities or dump only under an authorized permit and in compliance with international rules like MARPOL. This framework exists to protect marine life, ecosystems, and public health. While there are very limited, tightly controlled exceptions under permit, the general rule is that dumping at sea is not allowed.